Introduction to Plant Botany

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About Course

Plants are the foundation of life on Earth — they feed us, clothe us, give us oxygen, and even shape our climate. In this course, you’ll explore the fascinating world of plants: their structure, functions, classification, and importance to humans and the environment. Whether you’re a student, a hobby gardener, or a future botanist, this course will help you understand plants from the ground up — literally!

Course Content

Module 1 – Introduction to Botany
• Definition and scope of botany. • Historical milestones in plant science. • Importance of plants in ecosystems, economy, and human life.

Module 2 – Plant Cells and Tissues
• Differences between plant and animal cells. • Types of plant tissues: • Meristematic (growth regions) • Permanent tissues (parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma) • Vascular tissues (xylem, phloem)

Module 3 – Plant Morphology
• Root system: tap root vs. fibrous root. • Stem types and modifications. • Leaf structure: simple vs. compound leaves, venation patterns. • Flower anatomy: sepals, petals, stamens, carpels. • Fruits and seeds: types and dispersal methods.

Module 4 – Plant Physiology
• Photosynthesis – the process of making food. • Respiration and transpiration. • Plant hormones and growth regulation. • Transport of water and nutrients.

Module 5 – Plant Reproduction
• Asexual reproduction: vegetative propagation, cuttings, grafting. • Sexual reproduction: pollination, fertilization, seed development. • Life cycle of flowering plants (angiosperms).

Module 6 – Plant Classification and Taxonomy
• Asexual reproduction: vegetative propagation, cuttings, grafting. • Sexual reproduction: pollination, fertilization, seed development. • Life cycle of flowering plants (angiosperms).

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